Dangote Sugar Intensifies Effort In Ensuring Self-sufficiency

Efforts are being made by Dangote Sugar Refinery (DSR) Plc to ensure self-sufficiency in sugar production in the country within the next four years.

Over the last year, Dangote Sugar has stepped up its opening of processing factories and assistance to farmers in a bid to dramatically increase output.

Nigeria is one of the world’s largest net importers of sugar, consuming significant amount of foreign exchange. Between 1955, Nigeria consumption rose from 43,000 tones to about 45,000 tones in 1974; by 1982 it rose to about 1MT/PA. Today Consumption in Nigeria is between 1.5 to 1.7MT/PA.

Global consumption is 24kg per capita. Africa 16.8kg, Asia 17.3 kg, America 43.8kg and Europe 36.7kg per capita respectively. Nigeria is around 7 to 9kg. The Nigerian Sugar Development Council (NSDC) was established as the government agency responsible for formulating sugar policies and strategies.

NSDC focused towards promoting private sector-led development. Government-owned sugar estates were privatized in 2005. Investment in local sugar production is hampered by the huge funds required to establish a sugar estate as well as the lack of long-term loans for investment purposes in the country. However, the management of these estates improved under privatization, which also mostly accounted for the marginal increase recorded in sugar production.

Sugar use in industrial activities such as manufacturing soft drinks, pharmaceuticals, biscuits, other beverages and confectionery products is also rising steadily despite higher international prices, and there is no competing High-Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) in the market. Demand for direct household consumption also remains strong. More that 90 percent of Nigeria’s sugar needs are met by import of raw sugar, shipped mostly from Brazil, which is then refined by the local domestic sugar industry. The bulk of the available refined sugar supply is also exported from Brazil.

It would be recalled that the Nigerian Sugar Master Plan (NSMP) was introduced in 2012, as the roadmap to national sugar sufficiency, which was designed to increase local sugar production, attain self-sufficiency, reduce dependence on importation as well as create job opportunities and increase prospects of contributing to the production of ethanol in 2020. Currently, more than 90 percent of all sugar consumed in Nigeria is imported raw, mostly from Brazil, and refined by domestic sugar refineries.

DSR is one of the top five Sugar Refineries in the world, with 1.44MT/PA capacity at a location and has begun its backward integration project with a 10-year sugar development plan, to produce 1.5 million metric tonnes per annum (MT/PA) of sugar from locally grown sugarcane. The project commenced with its acquisition of Savannah Sugar Company Limited (SSCL) at Numan, in Adamawa State and other Green Project sites across Nigeria.

Apart from the rehabilitation of Savannah Sugar’s plantation and factory infrastructure, the company’s growth strategy to farm more than 150,000 hectares of planted sugarcane by 2023 includes the creation of integrated plantation and refinery facilities at the following locations; Lau/Tau, Taraba State; Hadejia, Jigawa State; Zaria Kalakala, Kebbi State and Kpada, Kwara/Kogi States.

This phase also includes the rehabilitation and expansion of Savannah Sugar’s estate, which will be used as a model for the other locations.

A report by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) notes that to date, Dangote Sugar Refining is the only company to have developed a sugar estate and expanding its raw sugar production capacity.

It noted that Dangote acquired 95 per cent equity stake in Savanna Sugar Company (SSC) showed its commitment to becoming a fully integrated sugar company via its backward integration strategy. According to USDA, Dangote Sugar will be the company with the largest competitive advantage.

Recently during the visit of the National Assembly, Committee On Industry, Trade & Investment to the company, the lawmakers commended the management of Dangote Sugar Refinery on its remarkable progress towards ensuring the success of the sugar backward integration project.

The committee chairman, Honorable Abubakar Moriki who led the team expressed satisfaction at the level of the backward integration programme the company has been able to achieve.

He also assured the company of friendly policy formulation especially in land acquisition which is geared towards self-sufficiency of sugar in 2020. He said: “We are aware that for a sugar business to succeed there has to be substantial mass land acquisition for the sugar cane to be planted. We will look at these challenges and others affecting the industry.”

‘‘We have the responsibility as the members of the House of Assembly Committee on Industry to oversee the Federal Ministry of industry, Trade and Investment and alongside the agencies, which the National Sugar Development Council is one of them, being the regulatory agency charged with the responsibility of monitoring the implementation of national sugar policy globally and to come out with all implementation strategies to make us realized sugar self-sufficiency after certain period of time.

“We are here to see what extent has the policy of National Sugar impacted on you as a player in the industry and whether there are some amendments to make the implementation smoother and faster. We have visited the production site at the Savannah Sugar Company, Numan, Adamawa State, which is a typical backward integration starting point where we saw how the sugar canes were being produced, the collaboration you have with the host community in terms of the Out Growers Scheme and job creation.”

“We are happy at the development seen in Numan, which portrays a successful privatization. The company was sold to Dangote in 2003, it was sold as a moribund company but during our visit to the company, we found out it was back on its feet with about 12,000 hectare of land put into cultivation of sugar cane.”

He also urged the management of the Dangote Sugar Refinery to ensure maximal capacity utilization as much as possible to be able to refine sugar here for the mean time and to be able to have mechanism to produce sugar also in the factory.

The group managing director of Dangote Sugar Refinery, Abdullahi Sule said Nigeria is one of the world’s largest net importers of sugar, consuming significant amount of foreign exchange.

He noted that Dangote Sugar Master Plan was to ensure five large sugar factories, 150,000 Ha of land under cultivation, 1.5 to 2.0 million MT/PA of refined sugar from locally grown sugarcane per annual and to generate over 100,000 jobs among others.

He pointed out that Dangote Industries Limited acquired Savannah Sugar in 2003 and Dangote Sugar being a subsidiary of Dangote Industries acquired 95 per cent stake in Savannah Sugar in December 2012, and have invested over N33.05 billion.

He added that at the end of the rehabilitation exercise, Savannah Sugar will increase its sugar production to 260,000 MT per annual of refined sugar from 26,500ha cultivated land, at 12,000TCD daily, 190 days crop length, increase factory from 3,000TCD to 6,000TCD and install a 12000TCD diffuser factory, employ about 15,000 direct and indirect (seasonal) employees, produce 10MW power for export during crop, 18,000,000 liter per annum fuel ethanol and 10,000 MT per annum Animal feed from the by-products.

Sule however said that some of the challenges facing the industry are government policies, lack of infrastructures, stringent financing, huge investment, lack of forex among others.

Also, the director of Stakeholder Management and Corporate Communications of Dangote Industries, Mr. Mansur Ahmed said that the company was committed to the backward integration commitment it signed with the Federal Government, saying the Savannah Sugar Company acquired by the company in Numan, Adamawa, had started producing and plans were on for expansion.

He said that the current economic challenges in the country notwithstanding, the company is poised to remain a leader in the sector.

Cocoa; Investment Facts

INTRODUCTION

 
Cocoa is the second major non-oil foreign exchange earner in Nigeria. Cocoa is the leading agricultural export of the country and Nigeria is currently the world’s fourth largest producer of Cocoa.

SOURCING

 
Cocoa is produced mainly in 14 states namely; Ondo,Cross River, Oyo, Osun, Ekiti, Ogun, Edo, Kogi, Akwa Ibom, Delta, Abia, Kwara, Ebonyi and Rivers.

PRODUCTION STATISTICS

 
Nigeria’s annual production rate of cocoa beans is about 235,000 metric tonnes {MT}.

PLANTING SEASON

 
Planting of cocoa trees starts at the beginning of the rainy season.

PRICING
Cocoa currently sells for N380, 000 – N430, 000 per metric tonne.

USES

 
Cocoa’s main use is as a source material for Cocoa powder and Chocolate.

Cocoa butter which is a byproduct from cocoa is heavily used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

The husks of cocoa pods and the pulp, or sweatings, surrounding the beans and the cocoa bean shells can be used in the production of Animal feed, soft drinks and alcohol.

Cocoa bean shells can be used an organic mulch and soil conditioner for the garden.

Potash from cocoa pod husk  is used mainly for soft soap manufacture. It may also be used as fertilizer for cocoa, vegetables, and food crops.

PROCESSING

 
Many products can be derived from cocoa.
Once the beans have been fermented and dried, they can be processed to produce a variety of products. These products include:

Cocoa butter is used in the manufacturing of chocolate. It is also widely used in cosmetic products such as moisturizing creams and soaps.

Cocoa powder can be used as an ingredient in almost any foodstuff.

Cocoa liquor is used with other ingredients, to produce chocolate. Chocolate is used as a product on its own or combined with other ingredients to form confectionery products.

EXPORT MARKET

 
The major export destinations of cocoa in Nigeria are; Netherland, UK, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, USA and Japan. Other emerging markets include China and India.

HARVESTING

 
The main crop is usually ready for harvest 5-6 months after the start of the wet season which is September- March and the mid-crop is harvested June- august.

STORAGE

 
Cocoa beans are normally stored in form of whole beans in jute bags for a relatively short period. They can be stored for 5 to 6 months safely.

COCOA INVESTMENT SUMMARY
Production
Processing
Export
Storage

Garden egg; More Than Just a Fruit

Garden egg or Eggplant is an economic flowering plant. Garden eggs are found throughout Nigeria and cultivated domestically.

Garden egg is a highly valued delicacy in Nigerian society such that its importance cannot be overemphasized to consumers and farmers alike.

It represents fertility and blessing that why it’s common to find it served during wedding ceremonies in some communities.

The garden eggplant apart from being a source of vegetable also has numerous health benefits which are essential for the overall development of the human body. Its acceptability cuts across religious, tribal, cultural and ethnic groups in Nigeria, hence the wide usage of the garden eggplant.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF GARDEN EGG

Reduces cholesterol

Garden egg is low in calorie, sodium, protein and is very high in dietary fibre and potassium. The high fibre content in eggplant helps to reduce bad cholesterol in the body, thereby protecting the heart.

For weight reduction, garden egg is the perfect recipe for achieving weight loss within a short period of time because it is very low in calorie content.

This is why experts encourage people who want to lose weight to eat more garden egg, just as people that are told to protect their heart against cholesterol effects should make it their delight.

Regulates blood pressure

Garden egg helps to regulate the blood pressure, maintain and regulate the function of the heart.

It controls glucose absorption and reduces the risk of hypertension which is why when a diabetic person consumes it, it suppresses the sugar level and brings the blood pressure down.

Anti-ulcer agent

Garden eggs have anti-ulcer remedy, which could be used as treatment for ulcer {they do not protect one from having ulcer but that the anti-ulcer content in the fruit suppresses the ailment}.

Lowers eye pressure

Eating plenty of garden egg can help lower eye pressure in persons with glaucoma.

Rich in vitamins

Garden egg fruit is beneficial and nourishing to the body because it is rich in vitamin which provides the body with both soluble vitamin and water soluble vitamins; they are rich in thiamine required for normal growth and proper functioning of the heart and nervous system and niacin needed for cellular respiration.

Fights cancer

Garden egg is one of the anti-cancer fruits which has been used for over decades, to fight against cancer and other diseases.

Other health benefits of garden egg are;

• flexibility of blood vessels

• Cardio protective

• Natural source of B vitamins like thiamin, niacin, B6 and pantothenic acid

• Improves digestive system

• Good for skin and hair

• High in folate, manganese, Vitamin k, magnesium, vitamin c & copper

• A source of nasunin ( a powerful and rare antioxidant for the brain

• Bone strengthening minerals

• Improves blood circulation

• Beneficial for constipation due to high fibre

• Good for colon health

• Good amount of phenolic acid, anthocyanins and flavonoids these antioxidants help protect the body from health risks, like aging, inflammations, and neurological diseases

Garden eggs are eaten in different forms. While some people eat it raw, some eat it cooked (in the form of sauce) while others make salad from it.

The forms of eating the garden egg seems endless in our Nigerian society.

Eat lots of garden egg and remain healthy.

Ewedu soup; More Than a Delicacy

Ewedu is a popular vegetable in West Africa. It is not just rich in nutrition but also has  lots of health benefits, including protecting us from various diseases.

Nutrition-wise, vegetables are low in calories but high in vitamins and minerals.

The popular ewedu soup among the yorubas is prepared with the ewedu leaf, which makes the soup highly nutritious. This greenish slimy soup can be enjoyed in different forms. Gbegiri (local beans soup) can be added to this soup for a better taste. The ewedu soup is mostly eaten with Amala.

The fiber-rich stem of the ewedu plant has been dismissed as just a source for bags and ropes. The reason for this probably lies in the fact that this food with its tender leaves is so commonly grown in many parts of the world that it had no commercial value as a food product.

Nutritional Value and Health benefits

The ewedu leaf is an adequate source of fibre, thus making the plant very helpful in dealing with weight management and may also promote intestinal health by helping with bowel movement.

Ewedu leaves contain the antioxidant trio of Vitamins A, C and E which fend off free radicals thereby protecting the body from degenerative diseases. The ACE vitamins also happen to be the most beautifying vitamins, increasing collagen production to keep the skin firm and young-looking. This is why most people belief that ewedu was Cleopatra’s beauty secret.

This leaf (Ewedu) is clearly rich in micro nutrients, and these micro nutrients aid in reducing the chances of illness in the consumer.

Ewedu leafs are also known to help boost immunity and nourish the body system.

Due to the vitamins and minerals present in ewedu leaves, they have also been said to be used in the home setting in the management of stomach related conditions such as dysentery, constipation and the likes.

They are also used to relief pains and possess some anti tumour properties.

The Ewedu leaf is rich in beta-carotone which supports good eyesight.

The antioxidants present in ewedu leaves aid in the protection of the body from chronic diseases and some medical conditions. Ewedu leaves contain almost all of the nutrients needed by humans. But, the most important benefit of the leaves is their high antioxidant property, primarily in the form of Vitamin E. These antioxidants combine with free radicals that cause problems like arthritis, hardening of arteries, heart and kidney ailments.

It contains a high percentage of calcium, which contributes to strong teeth and bones.

Ewedu is rich in fiber, therefore regular intake of the leaves help to control blood pressure, cholesterol build-up, diabetes, lowers the risk of asthma, cancer, and also prevents heart disease.

The leaf has been known to be a remedy for pregnant women experiencing prolonged labour. When a pregnant woman is experiencing prolonged labour, a bunch of ewedu leaves squeezed with the stem can be given to her to drink. It has also been discovered to aid milk secretion in lactating mothers.

It is also used as herbal medicine to control or prevent dysentery, worm infestation and constipation.

Bitter kola; Nutritional Values And Health Benefits

Bitter kola is a type of nut mostly found in several parts of Nigeria. Bitter Kola has been identified as a potent antibiotic which could be effective in the treatment of many diseases.

The fruit, seeds, nuts and bark of the tropical tree have been used for centuries in traditional medicines to treat many forms of ailments.

Chewing bitter kola relieves coughs, hoarseness, bronchial and throat troubles. Several studies discovered bitter kola to be a remedy for dysentery, osteoarthritis, antidote against poisoning and considered an aphrodisiac.

The health benefits of bitter kola are broken down into the following;

Improves Lung Functions

 
Bitter kola has been used for centuries to treat chest colds in traditional medicine. Bitter kola’s beneficial lung properties are attributed to its high antioxidant content.

Treats Malaria

 
The chemical constituents in bitter kola have been found to have anti-malaria properties. Traditional healers have for many years prescribed bitter kola for the treatment of malaria infections.

Relieves Osteoarthritis

 
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by pain, inflammation and limited movement in the joints, bitter kola reduces inflammation and pain and increases joint movement. It is believed that bitter kola works well for patients with this ailment as a result of its antioxidant properties.

Recommended for HIV patients

 
Bitter kola is a potent antibiotic which could be efficacious in the treatment of HIV and AIDS. Bitter kola is highly recommended in the treatment of HIV and AIDS because of its antibacterial, detoxification, and cleansing properties.

Treatment of Cold

 
Bitter kola is often used to treat the symptoms of colds. It is suggested, in particular, for coughs and sneezing.

Male Fertility (Impotence)

 
Bitter kola is sometimes believed to cure impotence.

Protects the Immune System

 
The nut is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It can be used to prevent infections and viruses, especially in relation to the immune system.

Remedy for Food Poisoning

 
When food is suspected to be contaminated by bacteria or someone accidentally eats food poison, traditional healers often recommend the mastication of bitter kola immediately after eating.

This usually prevent the development of any infection or poisoning. Herbalists even recommend that the seed and the bark of bitter kola should be eaten together in cases where food poisoning is suspected, “it helps to detoxify the system“.

It is not only an anti-poison, it also has the ability to repel evil spirits according to traditional beliefs. Though it sound superstitious, many believe it works and do have spiritual benefits.

NOTE; The side effects of taking excess bitter kola are “weight loss”, “increase in sex drive” and “extended sleep” which many be considered helpful to meet individual and marital demands.

However if after taking bitter kola you experience diarrhea, hives, irregular heartbeat or other signs of allergic reaction, discontinue use immediately and seek medical attention.

For perfect health, know your Onions

Do you like onions? Most people do. The reason is so simple. Onions are among the healthiest foods you can eat. Rich in the most essential nutrients onions are so healthy it’s perfectly appropriate to remark that an onion a day may help keep the doctor away!

If you know your onions, you’ll know they are very high in the group of health beneficial compounds known as polyphenols, which play an important role in preventing and reducing the progression of diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.

What are polyphenols? They play an important role increasing the ratio of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which is important for health, weight management, and disease prevention.

Onions are an excellent source of heart-healthy, cancer-fighting quercetin and are surprisingly high in beneficial polyphenols, which play an important role in preventing and reducing the progression of diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.

As medicinal food, onions are more potent than garlic or leeks because they contain one of the best sources of a type of polyphenol called flavonoids, especially the flavonoid quercetin.

Onions are used for treating wide range of ailments including digestion problems and loss of appetite, upset stomach, and gallbladder disorders; for treating heart and blood vessel problems including chest pain (angina) and high blood pressure; and for preventing “hardening of the arteries” (atherosclerosis). Onion is also used for treating sore mouth and throat, whooping cough, bronchitis, asthma, dehydration, intestinal gas, parasitic worms, and diabetes.

Some people use it as a diuretic to increase urine output. Onions might help reduce cholesterol levels, a risk factor for hardening of the arteries. There is some evidence that onions might also reduce lung tightness in people with asthma.

Health benefits of onions include their role in substantially possessing curative value since ancient times. Even the World Health Organization confirms that onions are beneficial for people with a reduced appetite and those suffering from atherosclerosis.

 Health experts acknowledge the fact that onion provides great respite for patients with chronic asthma, allergic bronchitis, common cold-related cough and cold syndromes. Here are some of the most common health benefits:

Good Oral Health: Onions are often used to prevent tooth decay and oral infections. Chewing raw onions for 2 to 3 minutes can potentially kill all the germs present in the oral area and surrounding places like the throat and lips.

Immune System Strength: The phytochemicals that are present in significant amounts in onions act as a stimulant to vitamin C within the body. The efficacy of vitamin C, and subsequently your immune system, is boosted when you eat onions, since it supercharges your immune system against toxins and various foreign bodies that can lead to disease and illness.

 Treatment for Heart Ailments: Onions act as anticoagulants, also known as blood thinners, which in turn prevents the red blood cells from forming clumps. These blocks and clots can lead to heart disorders or cardiovascular diseases.

Manage diabetes: Onions contain chromium, which is a relatively unusual mineral to find naturally in food. Chromium helps the body manage blood sugar levels and ensure a slow, gradual release of glucose to the muscles and the body cells. Therefore, eating onions can help modulate your blood sugar levels, which is vitally important for diabetic patients.

Used as insect repellent: The smell of onions also causes insects to flee, which is why onions can be used as insect repellents as well as a form of sting treatment.

Prevention of cancer: Onions are rich in active compounds that successfully inhibit the development and spread of cancerous cells. Quercetin is a very powerful antioxidant compound that has been consistently linked to the prevention or reduction of the spread of cancer, they have a significant amount of quercetin! Vitamin C is also a strong antioxidant, which can reduce the presence and impact of free radicals throughout the body. Free radicals are the chemical byproducts of cellular metabolism, and they can cause healthy cells to mutate into cancerous cells.

 Relieving earache: A few drops of onion juice may actually prove immensely beneficial to individuals suffering from acute earache. The ringing sound in the ear may be cured by applying onion juice through a piece of cotton wool.

Glowing skin: Onion juice mixed with honey or olive oil is said to be best treatment for treating symptoms or signs of acne. Onions are also notorious anti-inflammatory vegetables, so the active compounds in onions can reduce the redness and swelling that is commonly associated with skin conditions like acne.

Treatment for cough: Consuming an equal mixture of onion juice and honey can relive sore throats and coughing symptoms.

 Boosts sexual drive: Onions are said to increase the urge for a healthy sex life. One tablespoon of onion juice along with one spoonful of ginger juice, taken three times a day, can boost the libido and sex drive.

 Treatment of anaemia: Even anaemic conditions can be improved by eating onions along with jaggery and water, because this adds to the mineral content of the body, especially iron, which is an essential part of producing new red blood cells. Therefore, anaemia, also known as iron deficiency, can be prevented by having a health amount of onions in the diet.

Relieves Stomach Aches: Onions have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that give relief to upset stomach and other related gastric syndromes. This is due to the saponins that can be found in onions. These saponins have anti-spasmodic capabilities that ensure that stomach disturbances do not continue and that your bowels are clear and smoothly functioning.

Treating urinary disorders: For those suffering from a burning sensation during urination, onions can provide considerable relief. People suffering from this condition should drink water boiled with 6 to 7 grams of onions.

Stay Healthy, Know your Soybeans

Soybeans are high in protein, and are also a decent source of both carbs and fat. Soy foods are rich in vitamins and minerals including folate, potassium and fiber.

Soybeans have a wealth of health benefits, including the ability to improve the metabolism, help people gain weight in a healthy way, protect heart health, defend against cancer, reduce the effects of menopause, improve digestive health, promotes bone health, protect against birth defects, increase circulation, decrease the risk of diabetes, and generally tones up the body.

It helps to regulate a number of aspects of the metabolism, which should be able to help in reducing sleep disorders and the occurrence of insomnia. However, soybeans also have a high content of magnesium, which is a mineral that is directly linked to increasing the quality, duration, and restfulness of your sleep.

There are several products gotten from soybeans, they include; soy cheese, soy yogurt, soy nut butter, soy sauce, soy oil, soy milk and  soy ice cream. Which ever way its taken, the benefits still remain.

Soybeans contain antioxidants and phytonutrients that have been linked with various health benefits. Some of these benefits are;

Metabolic Activity

 
Soybeans are an extremely important source of protein. When you have enough proteins in your body, then your metabolic functioning and overall system will get a major boost.
Proteins are the building blocks of cells and blood vessels and basically every essential part of the human body. Proteins from soybeans ensure the proper health and regrowth of cells if they need to be repaired or replaced.

Prevention of Breast and Prostate Cancer

 
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in modern society. Eating soy products has been linked with increased breast tissue in women

However, most observational studies indicate that consumption of soy products may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Studies also indicate a protective effect against prostate cancer in men.

Healthy weight gain

 
Soybeans and soy-based products have been associated with appetite suppression, which can help people eliminate overeating, which can lead to obesity and all of the related risks.
However, soybeans also provide a decent amount of fiber and protein, which can help lead to weight gain, if soybeans are eaten in large quantities. Therefore, soybeans are beneficial for people that want to both lose and gain weight. Furthermore, the weight that it can provide your body is not unhealthy high-fat or high cholesterol in nature, which protects you from dangerous conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

Alleviation of Menopausal Symptoms

 
Menopause is the period in a woman’s life when menstruation stops. It is often associated with unpleasant symptoms, such as sweating, hot flashes, and mood swings, effects that are brought about by a reduction in estrogen levels.

Studies indicate that isoflavones, a family of phytoestrogens found in soybeans, may alleviate the symptoms of menopause. Soy products do not affect all women in this way. Soy only seems to be effective in so-called equol producers, women who possess a type of gut bacteria able to convert isoflavones into equol. Equol has been suggested to be responsible for many of the beneficial health effects of soy consumption.

Bone Health

 
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures, especially in elderly women. Consumption of soy products may reduce the risk of osteoporosis in women that have undergone menopause.

 

Digestive Health

 
Soybeans are rich in fiber which is one of the most common elements to be lacking in a person’s diet. Fiber is an essential part of a healthy body, particularly in terms of the digestive system. Fiber actually bulks up your stool, making it move through your digestive system smoothly. Furthermore, fiber stimulates peristaltic motion, which is the contraction of the smooth muscles that pushes food through your system. Fiber is vital to our bodies because constipation can be a very serious condition that can lead to more serious conditions, including colorectal cancer.

Birth Defects

 
The vitamin B complex levels in soybeans is high, and the high levels of folic acid are very important for pregnant women. Folic acid ensures the prevention of neural tube defects in infants, which ensures a happy and healthy baby.

Circulation and Oxygenation

 
Copper and iron are two minerals found in abundance in soybeans, and both of these are essential for the formation of red blood cells. With an appropriate amount of red blood cells in the body, extremities of the body and essential organ systems can get the blood flow and oxygen that they need to function efficiently. This maximized metabolic activity and increases energy levels, while also avoiding dangerous conditions like anemia.

ADVERSE EFFECTS AND INDIVIDUAL CONCERNS

 
Even though soybeans have a number of health benefits, some individuals need to limit the consumption of soy products, or avoid them altogether. There are some potentially negative health effects of consuming soybeans as a part of your diet.

Suppression of Thyroid Function

 
There are concerns that high consumption of soy products may suppress thyroid function in some people and contribute to hypothyroidism. The thyroid is a large gland that regulates growth and controls the rate at which the body expends energy.
Studies indicate that isoflavones, found in soybeans, may suppress the formation of thyroid hormones in humans.

Estrogen Levels

 
There are estrogen-mimicking compounds in soybeans, men can occasionally develop a hormonal imbalance if they consume high amounts of soybeans or soy milk, for example. In men, this can lead to infertility, sexual dysfunction, lower sperm count, and even an increase in the chances of certain cancers.

Flatulence and Diarrhea

 
Like most other beans, soybeans contain insoluble fibers, mainly raffinose and stachyose, which may cause flatulence and diarrhea in sensitive individual.
Although not unhealthy, these side effects of soybean consumption can be unpleasant.

Goiters

 
There are certain anti-thyroid compounds contained in soy that can disrupt the activity of the thyroid gland and result in goiters, as well as an interruption of normal hormonal activity in the body.

Soy Allergy

 
Food allergy is a common condition, caused by a harmful immune reaction to certain components in foods. Some people are allergic to soybeans and need to avoid them altogether.

Its best you know your body system and know what it can take.

Besides these effects, which is seen in just a few people, soybean is a healthy and beneficial choice of food.

Eat healthy, live long!

Cucumber; Health and Nutritional benefits

There are so many reasons to eat cucumbers all year long. With vitamin K, B vitamins, copper, potassium, vitamin C, and manganese, cucumbers can help you to avoid nutrient deficiencies that are widespread among those eating a typical American diet.

Cucumbers belong to the same plant family as squash, pumpkin, and watermelon. Like watermelon, cucumbers are made up of mostly (95 percent) water, which means eating them on a hot day can help you stay hydrated.

Cucumbers contain unique polyphenols and other compounds that help reduce risk of chronic diseases and much, much more.

There are many ways to enjoy cucumbers, such as fermented or raw in vinegar-based salads. If you’re looking for something different, cucumbers make an ideal base for your vegetable juice due to their mild flavor and high water content.

When you drink fresh-made green juice, it is almost like receiving an intravenous infusion of vitamins, minerals, and enzymes because they go straight into your system without having to be broken down.

Here is a breakdown of some health benefits of cucumber;

Protects the Brain

 
Cucumbers contain an anti-inflammatory flavonol called fisetin that appears to play an important role in brain health. In addition to improving your memory and protecting your nerve cells from age-related decline, fisetin has been found to prevent progressive memory and learning impairments in mice with Alzheimer’s disease.

Reduce Risk of Cancer

 
Cucumbers contain polyphenols called lignans (pinoresinol, lariciresinol, and secoisolariciresinol), which may help to lower risk of breast, uterine, ovarian, and prostate cancers. They also contain phytonutrients called cucurbitacins, which also have anti-cancer properties.

Fights Inflammation

 
Cucumbers may help to “cool” the inflammatory response in your body, and animal studies suggest that cucumber extract helps reduce unwanted inflammation, in part by inhibiting the activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes (including cyclo-oxygenase 2, or COX-2).

Antioxidant Properties

 
Cucumbers contain numerous antioxidants, including the well-known vitamin C and beta-carotene. They also contain antioxidant flavonoids, such as quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, and kaempferol, which provide additional benefits.

Freshens Breath

 
Placing a cucumber slice on the roof of your mouth may help to rid your mouth of odor-causing bacteria. According to the principles of Ayurveda, eating cucumbers may also help to release excess heat in your stomach, which is said to be a primary cause of bad breath.

Manage Stress

 
Cucumbers contain multiple B vitamins, including vitamin B1, vitamin B5, and vitamin B7 (biotin). B vitamins are known to help ease feelings of anxiety and buffer some of the damaging effects of stress.

Supports Digestive Health

 
Cucumbers are rich in two of the most basic elements needed for healthy digestion: water and fiber. If you struggle with acid reflux, you should know that drinking water can help suppress acute symptoms of acid reflux by temporarily raising stomach pH; it’s possible that water-rich cucumbers may have a similar effect.

Cucumber skins contain insoluble fiber, which helps add bulk to your stool. This helps food to move through your digestive tract more quickly for healthy elimination.

Maintain a Healthy Weight

 
Cucumbers are very low in calories, yet they make a filling snack (one cup of sliced cucumber contains just 16 calories). The soluble fiber in cucumbers dissolves into a gel-like texture in your gut, helping to slow down your digestion.

Supports Heart Health

 
Cucumbers contain potassium, which is associated with lower blood pressure levels. A proper balance of potassium both inside and outside your cells is crucial for your body to function properly.

Other benefits include;

• Fights heat, both inside and out. Eat cucumber, and your body gets relief from heartburn. Apply cucumber on your skin, and you get relief from sunburn.

• Flushes out toxins. All that water in cucumber acts as a virtual broom, sweeping waste products out of your system. With regular use, cucumber is known to dissolve kidney stones.

• Lavishes you with vitamins. A B and C, which boost immunity, give you energy, and keep you radiant. Give it more power by juicing cucumber with carrot and spinach.

• Supplies skin-friendly minerals: magnesium, potassium, silicon. That’s why cucumber-based treatments abound in spas.

• Aids in weight loss.

• Revives the eyes. Placing chilled slices of cucumber on the eyes is a clichéd beauty visual, but it really helps reduce under-eye bags and puffiness.

• Stabilizes blood pressure. Patients of blood pressure, both high and low, often find that eating cucumber brings relief.

• Smooths hair and nails. The Silica mineral in cucumber makes hair and nails stronger and shinier.
• Soothes muscle and joint pain.

• Keeps kidneys in shape. Cucumber lowers uric acid levels in your system, keeping the kidneys in good shape.

• Good for diabetics.

Please feel free to share your experience on cucumber and comment on any other value and health benefit not mentioned.

Yobe Cultivates Special Grass for Livestock

The Yobe State Government has introduced the cultivation of new species of exotic grass to mitigate against the high cost of livestock feed.

Speaking to journalists yesterday, the Programme Manager of Yobe Livestock Pilot Development Programme (YLPDP), Dr. Mustapha Gaidam, said with economic recession and high cost of animal feeds, the state government had to take the option of cultivating different species of special grasses to feed livestock.

He said the increase in cost of livestock feeds was as a result of high foreign exchange rate.

He said: “We have introduced nappier, centrosema and stylothensis grass as well as lablab and mucuna beans. The programme has also established demonstration farms to identify favourable areas for mass production of these livestock grass.”

He further disclosed that the grasses which are rich in nutritional values but not common in the state, would be planted to improve animal feeds across the state.

He added that: “Livestock farmers will also be trained on cultivation of the grasses.”

He expressed optimism that the cultivation of the grasses would check the massive migration of herders and cattle breeders in search of pastures and water points.

Gaidam said this would also improve the production of rich and healthy beef and dairy products in the state and boost economic prosperity.

NCAN Raises Alarm Over Encroachment of Foreigners Into Cashew Farms

The National Cashew Association of Nigeria, NCAN, has raised alarm over the encroachment of foreigners into cashew farms across the country.

Nigeria produces about 150,000 metric tonnes of cashew annually and is rated fourth largest producer of cashew nuts in Africa and seventh in the world.

Speaking at the 2016 National Cashew Trade Administration meeting of the association in Ogbomosho, Oyo, NCAN President, Mr. Tola Fasheru, said: “The encroachment of foreigners has been causing distractions for local farmers, and the consequence of this is low quality of products, reduced value at the international market and most importantly lower purchasing power for the Nigerian farmers..

He averred that, “The encroachment into cashew farms by foreigners is inimical to the value chain system and cuts off our locals from participating in the trade. Expatriates are positioned in the bushes to buy directly from the farmers thereby taking away the much needed jobs from our people. If our people cannot buy produce what else do you want them to do?’

Fasheru noted that the international market expects 8.0 percent moisture in the cashew for the best quality and when cashew is not well-dried, it is difficult to achieve this quality and such low quality of product will spoil the image of this country.

According to him: “We want our farmers to dry their cashew to eight percent at the farm gate and at the earliest time so that it will meet the international standard and if all these are done well, farmers will earn more, the country will earn more and most importantly the interest for Nigerian cashew in the international market will continue to increase”

Also speaking at the meeting, former governor of Oyo State, Chief Adebayo Alao Akala, frowned at the practice of foreigners bombarding the farm gates to buy cashew and said this should stop now.

He said this poses big risk to the nation especially in this age of security concerns. He appealed to the association to do its best in ensuring that cash crops return as the major foreign exchange earner for Nigeria now that the country is moving away from a monolithic economy